仇旻鸿 翻译圈2024年12月07日 20:10陕西
神奇的软体动物 双壳生物体内的“光纤电缆”生活中,我们常常得益于宽带,光纤带来的便捷传输,同样神奇的原理在生物体中也可以发现,比如对我们来说并不陌生的海鲜,其中的双壳类软体动物,像是蛤蜊、贻贝,在其中也能找到类似光纤的结构。今天就让我们一起探索生物体内的“光纤电缆”,走进这一令人好奇的独特机制吧。
外刊原文-1:SLURPING OYSTERS from their shells may be a rare indulgence for humans, but these bivalve molluscs and their relatives, such as clams and mussels, slurp for a living. Most are filter feeders,①ingestingmicroscopic organisms as well as debris from their aquatic environments. A handful of mollusc species, however, have formed②symbioticpartnerships with algae that live within their tissues.
外刊译文-1:对人类来说,从贝壳中啜食牡蛎可能是一种难得的享受,但对于这些双壳软体动物及其亲戚,如蛤蜊和贻贝,“啜食”却是它们的生存方式。它们大多数是滤食性动物,靠摄取水生环境中的微小生物和碎屑为生。不过,也有少数软体动物与体内的藻类形成了共生关系。
重点讲解:
①ingest:动词,表示“take something in, by eating or absorbing it”,摄取或吸收食物或其他物质到身体内部,用于描述动物或人类摄入食物或液体的过程。
例句:
Rodents ingest little bits of Toxo from cat feces and Toxo goes straight to their heads.
啮齿动物只要摄入少量猫科动物的粪便中的弓形虫,弓形虫就会直接进入它们的大脑。
②symbiotic:形容词,词典解释为“a relationship that one in which organisms, people, or things exist together in a way that benefits them all”,用来描述两种或多种不同生物种类之间的一种互利或互惠的关系。
例句:
There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.
共生关系主要有三种类型:寄生关系、共生关系和互惠关系。
外刊原文-2:Fibre-optic cables are③engineered to carry light over long distances with minimal loss. They do this by in effect trapping the light inside a material with a higher refractive index than the④cladding that surrounds it. Every time the light meets the boundary between the core and the cladding, the difference in refractive indices means light reflects off the boundary rather than passing through.
外刊译文-2:光纤电缆经过专门设计,能够以最小的损耗长距离传输光。实际上,光纤是将光束困在一种折射率高于其周围包层的材料中,从而实现这一点。每当光遇到纤芯和包层之间的边界时,折射率的不同会导致光在边界反射,而非穿透。
重点讲解:
③engineer:此处为动词,字典解释为“plan and direct (a complex undertaking)”通常指设计、创造或精心安排某事物的发展或结果。这个动词在工程、科学以及其他领域中经常使用。
例句:Thespaceship was engineered by Bert Rutan, renowned for designing the Voyager.
它的飞船由伯特·鲁坦设计建造,他因设计“旅行者”号飞船而闻名。
④cladding:名词,表示“a covering of tiles, wooden boards, or other material that is fixed to the outside of a building to protect it against bad weather or to make it look more attractive”表示“覆盖物”或“外层保护”,指安装在建筑物外部的材料,如瓷砖、木板等,用于防护、装饰或隔热。
例句:
And consumers are paying for such green goodies as organic vegetables or loft-cladding.
消费者们也纷纷自掏腰包购买像有机蔬菜或外墙涂料这样的绿色商品。?测试题:请翻译“建筑师巧妙地设计了一座带有木质外墙装饰的建筑,不仅与周围的景观和谐融合,而且容纳了一种植物和昆虫的共生生态系统,展示了美学吸引力和环境可持续性之间的完美平衡。”
The architect ingeniously engineered a building with timber cladding that not only blends harmoniously with the surrounding landscape but also houses a symbiotic ecosystem of plants and insects, showcasing a perfect balance between aesthetic appeal and environmental sustainability.-点击查看答案-
原文来自:《The Economist》
标题:Malacology: bivalve broadband Lenses in heart-cockle shells may transmit light like fibre-optic cables
特别说明:本文仅供学习交流,如有不妥欢迎后台联系小编。
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