\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u52a8\u529b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u2014\u2014\u300a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u300b\u8bc4\u4ecb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u6b66\u6c49\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u00a0\u8096\u5fd7\u6e05\u00a0\u674e\u9759\u971e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u4e00\u3001\u5f15 \u8a00<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5df2\u53d6\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u66f4\u662f\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u70ed\u70b9\uff08\u4faf\u5f3a\u3001\u4faf\u745e\u4e3d 2021: 54\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u91cd\u5851\u7ffb\u8bd1\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff08Kenny 2022: v\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u4e9f\u5f85\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u300a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u300b\uff08Machine Translation for Everyone: Empowering Users in the Age of <\/span>A<\/span>rtificial Intelligence\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u7531\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66Dorothy Kenny\u6559\u6388\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0cLanguage Science Press\u4e8e2022\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u805a\u7126\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u5347\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u201d\uff08occasional users\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bd1\u5458\u548c\u51c6\u8bd1\u5458\u4e24\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7d20\u517b\u201d\uff08Bowker & Ciro 2019\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5728\u5bf9\u8be5\u4e66\u5404\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u8ff0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b80\u8bc4\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n \u4e8c\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u6982\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u8be5\u4e66\u5171\u6536\u5f559\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7531Dorothy Kenny\u7b4911\u4f4d\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u90bb\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u8054\u5408\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8bba\u9898\u4e92\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u53c8\u4e92\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u30029\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u6210\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u96be\u5ea6\u9010\u6b21\u9012\u589e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u591a\u8bed\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\uff08<\/span>Europe, multilingualism and machine translation<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u5df4\u585e\u7f57\u90a3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u7684Olga Torres-Hostench\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u6b27\u76df\u73b0\u670924\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u89c6\u8bed\u8a00\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u884c\u52a8\u4fc3\u8fdb\u591a\u8bed\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u591a\u8bed\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u53d7\u5230\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6b27\u6d32\u591a\u8bed\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8282\u7701\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u653f\u7b56\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc6\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u591a\u8bed\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5fd8\u8bb0\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\uff08Human and machine translation\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u7f16Dorothy Kenny\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7d20\u517b\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff08\u5206\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u8981\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e86\u51e0\u7c7b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u603b\u7ed3\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65e8\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ffb\u8bd1\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc5\u901f\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ecf\u4eba\u5de5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6750\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u6e90\u6587\u672c\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u5176\u8bd1\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d\uff08How to choose a suitable neural machine translation solution: Evaluation of MT quality\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u683c\u52d2\u8bfa\u5e03\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7684Caroline Rossi\u548cAlice Carr\u00e9\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5f53\u524d\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u5176\u8bd1\u6587\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u4e5f\u6108\u52a0\u96be\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5177\u4f53\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u56e0\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bd1\u6587\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bd1\u6587\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u52aa\u529b\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u805a\u7126\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bd1\u6587\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7740\u91cd\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7406\u89e3\u5f97\u5f53\u5e76\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u8bc4\u4f30\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u51c6\u5907\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u5199\u4f5c\u201d\uff08Selecting and preparing texts for machine translation: Pre-editing and writing for a global audience\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u5df4\u585e\u7f57\u90a3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u7684Pilar S\u00e1nchez-Gij\u00f3n\u548c\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u7684Dorothy Kenny\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u76f8\u8f83\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ea7\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8bd1\u6587\u8282\u7ea6\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u8bed\u4e2d\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u8d28\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u521d\u59cb\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u8bd1\u6587\u9002\u7528\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u8bed\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u524d\u4e00\u7ae0\u8282\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6e90\u6587\u672c\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u201c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u8bed\u8bfb\u8005\u201d\uff08Kenny 2022: 81\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u4e0e\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u9488\u5bf9\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4f53\u88c1\u548c\u9886\u57df\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u9002\u5408\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u201d\uff08Kenny 2022: 100\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u8be5\u7ae0\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u8fd8\u4ece\u8bcd\u6c47\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u56e0\u7d20\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u201d\uff08How to deal with errors in machine translation: Post-editing\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u7684Sharon O\u2019Brien\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u7ae0\u8282\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u8bd1\u524d\u7f16\u8f91\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8bd1\u6587\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u501f\u52a9\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u805a\u7126\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8bdd\u9898\u5305\u62ec\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u6807\u51c6\u53ca\u51c6\u5219\u3001\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u754c\u9762\u3001\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u52aa\u529b\u6d4b\u91cf\u3001\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u8005\u8d44\u8d28\u53ca\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5728\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u8005\u8d44\u8d28\u53ca\u57f9\u517b\u5f00\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u4f5c\u8005\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86de Almeida\u548cO\u2019Brien\uff082010\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u597d\u7684\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u638c\u63e1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u51c6\u5219\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u6301\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7b80\u8981\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u5916\u90e8\u5206\u9ad8\u6821\u7684\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u80fd\u529b\u57f9\u517b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u4f26\u7406\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\uff08Ethics and machine translation\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u7684Joss Moorkens\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u4eba\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u53c8\u8d4b\u80fd\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u770b\u4f5c\u4e0e\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff08Kenny 2017: 1\uff09\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f26\u7406\u6307\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u6240\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u51c6\u5219\uff08\u8bb8\u5b8f 2012: 52\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u56f4\u7ed5\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u8bb8\u53ef\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u6570\u636e\u9690\u79c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u601d\u8003\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u53ca\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u4e24\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bf9\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f26\u7406\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u56fa\u6709\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u201c\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u667a\u4e14\u5408\u4e4e\u4f26\u7406\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u201d\uff08Kenny 2022: 123\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u539f\u7406\u201d\uff08How neural machine translation works\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u963f\u5229\u574e\u7279\u5927\u5b66\u7684Juan Antonio P\u00e9rez-Ortiz\u3001Mikel L. Forcada\u548cFelipe S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00ednez\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u5c42\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6cdb\u5316\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u975e\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u8bcd\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u5e76\u5bf9transformer\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7ae0\u672b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8bcd\u4e0e\u5b50\u8bcd\u3001\uff08\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\uff09\u7ec8\u6b62\u51c6\u5219\u53ca\u6307\u6807\u548c\u96c6\u675f\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b21\u8981\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\uff08Custom machine translation\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u897f\u73ed\u7259Prompsit\u8bed\u8a00\u5de5\u7a0b\u516c\u53f8\u7684Gema Ram\u00edrez-S\u00e1nchez\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u901a\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u6839\u636e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7528\u9014\u5212\u5206\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u7126\u70b9\u8f6c\u79fb\u81f3\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0a\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u9884\u671f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6d89\u53ca\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e13\u4e1a\u89d2\u8272\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u5de7\u5999\u8fd0\u7528\u5bd3\u8a00\u8bf4\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u6bd4\u5256\u6790\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f15\u64ce\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u7531\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u901a\u7531\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4ece\u53ef\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6b63\u786e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u6d4b\u8bd56\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u9762\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u8bba\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u9762\u5411\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\uff08Machine translation for language learners\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u683c\u52d2\u8bfa\u5e03\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7684Alice Carr\u00e9\u3001\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u7684Dorothy Kenny\u3001\u683c\u52d2\u8bfa\u5e03\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7684Caroline Rossi\u4ee5\u53ca\u5df4\u585e\u7f57\u90a3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u7684Pilar S\u00e1nchezGij\u00f3n\u548cOlga Torres-Hostench\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u6d45\u8bba\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bf9\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u591a\u7ae0\u94fa\u57ab\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bdd\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u4f53\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u4e8c\u8bed\u548c\u5916\u8bed\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6218\u7565\u6574\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u76ca\u3002\u8be5\u7ae0\u5728\u9610\u8ff0\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e4b\u524d\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u5de7\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u7ae0\u8fd8\u5c06\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0e\u5728\u7ebf\u8bcd\u5178\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5206\u6790\u4f5c\u7ed3\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u8bfb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7eb3\u5165\u4e8c\u8bed\u548c\u5916\u8bed\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n \u4e09\u3001\u7b80\u8bc4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6b63\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u6539\u53d8\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7279\u70b9\u3001\u539f\u7406\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u628a\u63e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7d20\u517b\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u8bd1\u524d\u548c\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u70b9\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u9762\u8be6\u5b9e\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u52a8\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u51c6\u8bd1\u5458\u3001\u804c\u4e1a\u8bd1\u5458\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7b49\u4eba\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6307\u5bfc\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6b27\u76df\u591a\u8bed\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u5404\u7ae0\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u884c\u6587\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9886\u57df\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u628a\u63e1\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u5bfc\u5411\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u7ae0\u8282\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u914d\u5957\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u62d3\u5c55\u601d\u8003\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8be5\u4e66\u6536\u5f55\u76849\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f5c\u8005\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u59cb\u7ec8\u4ee5\u8bfb\u8005\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bfb\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u524d\u6cbf\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6839\u636e\u6b27\u76df\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff082007\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u201c\u591a\u8bed\u201d\u6307\u793e\u7fa4\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53cc\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5185\uff08\u5b89\u5b81\u3001\u90d1\u548f\u6edf 2020: 474\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b27\u76df\u201c\u4f0a\u62c9\u65af\u8c1f+\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u201cMultiTraiNMT\uff1a\u591a\u8bed\u516c\u6c11\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u57f9\u8bad\u201d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f00\u7bc7\u4e24\u7ae0\u5373\u70b9\u660e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u6b27\u76df\u591a\u8bed\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u652f\u67f1\uff08Kenny 2022: v\uff09\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u53d1\u6325\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6b27\u76df\u591a\u8bed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u591a\u8bed\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u8d28\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff08\u5f90\u9526\u82ac\u3001\u6f58\u6668\u831c 2021: 50\uff09\u3002\u591a\u8bed\u5236\u548c\u591a\u8bed\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff08\u90d1\u548f\u6edf\u3001\u5218\u7ef4\u4f73 2021\uff09\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fc3\u8fdb\u591a\u8bed\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7740\u529b\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u76ee\u524d\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f9d\u65e7\u5b58\u5728\u6392\u65a5\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fdb\u884c\u8f85\u52a9\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u666e\u904d\uff08Kenny 2022: 189\uff09\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u6559\u5b66\u89c2\u5ff5\u5c42\u6b21\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u80fd\u529b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7a81\u51fa\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u8d4b\u80fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4ece\u6811\u7acb\u4e00\u7ebf\u6559\u5e08\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u7531\u5efa\u4f1f\u7b49 2021: 48\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5e08\u7b49\u6559\u5b66\u4eba\u5458\u7ea0\u6b63\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bef\u533a\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6811\u7acb\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5b66\u4eba\u5458\u79ef\u7d2f\u6559\u5b66\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7d20\u517b\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9a71\u52a8\u6559\u5b66\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6709\u5173\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\u8d2f\u7a7f\u5168\u4e66\u59cb\u672b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u8981\u8c08\u8bba\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bf9\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e60\u5f97\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u7b54\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5f3a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5b66\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u8fd8\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u770b\u5f85\u5e76\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u529f\u5c06\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u6218\u7565\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u62d3\u5c55\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u52a9\u63a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c11\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5b66\u8005\u56f4\u7ed5\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u6df1\u523b\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u8bd1\u540e\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u7814\u7a76\u8f83\u5c11\u3001\u503c\u5f97\u5b66\u754c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6700\u65b0\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u8d44\u501f\u9274\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6398\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9886\u57df\u5176\u4ed6\u672a\u77e5\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u8d21\u732e\u66f4\u591a\u65b0\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4ece\u6700\u521d\u7684\u201c\u673a\u68b0\u5927\u8111\u201d\u5230\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u4f17\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u5174\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u79d1\u7814\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u4eab\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u524d\u666f\uff08\u9ad8\u7490\u7490\u3001\u8d75\u96ef 2020\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u603b\u7684\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e66\u540d\u201c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u201d\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fc3\u8fdb\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u70b9\uff08\u738b\u534e\u6811\u3001\u5218\u4e16\u754c 2022\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u52a3\u52bf\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u4e66\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u843d\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u5176\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e9b\u8bb8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5199\u4f5c\u80cc\u666f\u9650\u4e8e\u6b27\u76df\u591a\u8bed\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e86\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u591a\u8bed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u7edd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6b27\u76df\u591a\u8bed\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf8\u591a\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u56ff\u4e8e\u6587\u7ae0\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u8f83\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u9610\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u6325\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7eb3\u5165\u4e8c\u8bed\u548c\u5916\u8bed\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8ba8\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u4e3a\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5355\u5355\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u660e\u4ecd\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u5e94\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u652f\u6491\u7a0d\u663e\u5355\u8584\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n \u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u201c\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u5411\u201d\u6108\u52a0\u663e\u8457\uff08\u738b\u534e\u6811\u3001\u5218\u4e16\u754c 2021\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7d20\u517b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6280\u672f\u8fd0\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u300a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u6070\u9022\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6709\u5229\u6709\u5f0a\uff0c\u626c\u957f\u907f\u77ed\uff0c\u65b9\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7455\u4e0d\u63a9\u745c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n \u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u4fb5\u6743\u8bf7\u540e\u53f0\u8054\u7cfb\u5c0f\u7f16\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u56e0\u5b57\u6570\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n \u5f15\u7528\u53c2\u8003\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a\u8096\u5fd7\u6e05, \u674e\u9759\u971e. \u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u52a8\u529b\u2014\u2014\u300a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u300b\u8bc4\u4ecb[J]. \u5916\u6587\u7814\u7a76, 2023, 11(02):100-104+110.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n – END –<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n \u8f6c\u8f7d\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u7f51<\/span><\/p>\n \u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u4f55\u5e05<\/span><\/p>\n \u5ba1\u6838\uff1a\u674e\u957f\u5ead \u9648\u6b23\u6021\u00a0\u6768\u747e<\/span><\/p>\n \u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u52a8\u529b \u2014\u2014\u300a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u80fd\u300b\u8bc4\u4ecb \u6b66\u6c49\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u00a0\u8096\u5fd7 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