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2024\u5e7408\u670818\u65e5 00:05<\/em>\u00a0<\/span>\u9655\u897f<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong>\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u6768\u5ef6\u5b81<\/strong>\uff0c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u6559\u4e8e\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u73b0\u4efb\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u5916\u8bed\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u30022011\u5e74\u8d77\u62c5\u4efb\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u8003\u8bc4\u5c40\u987e\u95ee\u30022018\u5e74\u8d77\u4efb\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6559\u6307\u59d4\u82f1\u8bed\u5206\u6307\u59d4\u59d4\u5458\u30022021\u5e74\u8d77\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u82f1\u6c49\u8bed\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u529f\u80fd\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff1a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\u539f\u6587\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u5916\u8bed\u6559\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/span><\/strong>\u300b2024\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u7531 \u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6cbb\u7406\u201d \u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u63a8\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7ecf\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u5176\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\u751a\u81f3\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u68b3\u7406\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u7b54\u8bed\u8a00\u672a\u80fd\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6b63\u7ecf\u5386\u7740\u7c7b\u8111\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9769\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u878d\u5408\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6b63\u8d70\u5411\u7b97\u529b\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u7740\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7ecf\u5386\u767e\u5e74\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u529b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4ece\u201c\u5927\u6570\u636e+\u5f31\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5c0f\u6570\u636e+\u5f3a\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff1b\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd170\u5e74\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6df1\u5ea6\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u540e\u8005\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u8f83\u5c11\u53c2\u8003\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u8bc6\u522b\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u73b0\u683c\u5916\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u667a\u80fd\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u5148\u5bfc\u3002\u5f53\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5386\u7ecf\u767e\u4f59\u5e74\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u63a8\u52a8\u6700\u65b0\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u90fd\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u4e3a\u6253\u7834\u76ee\u524d\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u758f\u79bb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u51b7\u9759\u5206\u6790\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u518d\u6b21\u6df1\u5ea6\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u56de\u987e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u671f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u4f5c\u5386\u7a0b\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9610\u660e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u672a\u6765\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5408\u4f5c\u660e\u786e\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
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\u4e8c\u3001<\/strong><\/span>\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8054\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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2.1 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
1955\u5e74\uff0c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u9ea6\u5361\u9521(John McCarthy, 1927-2011)\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b21\u5e74\u7684\u201c<\/span>\u8fbe\u7279\u8305\u65af\u4f1a\u8bae<\/span>\u201d\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u8be5\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5960\u57fa\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u4e2d\u6709\u56db\u4f4d\u83b7\u5f97\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5373\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u7c7b\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u4ee5\u8be5\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u52301974\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u505c\u6b62\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9879\u76ee\u62e8\u6b3e\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u5728\u8fd120\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9884\u671f\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u519b\u3002\u4f46\u76f4\u52301997\u5e74\uff0cIBM\u7684\u201c\u6df1\u84dd\u201d\u624d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u5373\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49(connectionism)\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3b\u4e49(symbolicism)\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49(actionism)\u5747\u5df2\u6210\u578b\uff0c\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u8bbe\u60f3\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7ecf\u8d39\u9510\u51cf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53d7\u7b97\u529b\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u9996\u4e2a\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u523090\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fce\u6765\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u548c\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u77e5\u540d\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982(1) MYCIN: \u8bc6\u522b\u5bfc\u81f4\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u836f\u7269\uff1b(2) DENDRAL: \u5f00\u5c55\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b(3) PXDES: \u9884\u6d4b\u80ba\u764c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u52a3\u52bf\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u77e5\u8bc6\u83b7\u53d6\u96be\u5ea6\u5927\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u53d7\u9650\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u524d\u666f\u6697\u6de1\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u754c\u4e0d\u613f\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u653f\u5e9c\u6295\u8d44\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u88ab\u8feb\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u7b49\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u89c4\u907f\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53cd\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u6f5c\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c \u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aAI\u6559\u7236\u7684Geoffrey Hinton\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53d7\u9650\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u673a(RBM,Restricted Boltzmann Machine),\u6210\u4e3a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5148\u5bfc\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5f71\u54cd\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u9010\u6e10\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9a71\u52a8\u7b97\u529b\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u82af\u7247\u5236\u9020\u6c34\u5e73\u5927\u8e0f\u6b65\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u7b97\u529b\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u65ad\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u8fd110\u5e74\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7b97\u529b\u4e09\u5927\u8981\u7d20\u9f50\u5907\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5f00\u59cb\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4ee5\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e3a\u7a81\u7834\u70b9\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u671f\u95f4\u8d77\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u5ff5\u7a81\u7834\u3002Hinton(1981)\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc(CNN)\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc(RNN)\u3001\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc(LSTM)\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7eb5\u89c2\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u53d1\u5c55\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u8fd110\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u524d\u534a\u7a0b\u3002\u4ece\u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u6301\u7eed\u5927\u7ea620\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u80fd\u7a81\u783420\u5e74\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u8d28\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
2.2 \u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5386\u7a0b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u878d\u5408\u6700\u65e9\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u6700\u4e45\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8087\u59cb\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u82cf\u8fdb\u5165\u5bf9\u6297\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u519b\u4e8b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u6295\u5165\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u81ea\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e24\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684Harris\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684Chomsky\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684Halliday\u90fd\u66fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\uff0cHarris(1951)\u5728\u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5176\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u6570\u5b66\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u548c\u53e5\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5316\u7684\u6700\u521d\u9700\u6c42\u9ad8\u5ea6\u543b\u5408\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002Bar-Hillel(1960)\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6548\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5Chomsky\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u8fc5\u901f\u8ddf\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002Chomsky(1956)\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u77ed\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\u8bed\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u6b63\u786e\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u58f0\u671b\uff0cHays(1964),Lecerf(1960)\u548cLamb(1962)\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u4ee5\u77ed\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u8be5\u8bed\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b66\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u5448\u73b0\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5206\u7684\u8854\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cHays(1964)\u63d0\u51fa\u4f9d\u5b58\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ea7\u4e1a\u754c\u4e5f\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7684<\/span>ALGOL60<\/span>\u00a0\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\u5e95\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fc7\u5206\u6392\u65a5\u8bed\u5883\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f88\u5feb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ea7\u51fa\u5b9e\u7528\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u8f85\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u8d28\u91cf\u4f9d\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5bfc\u81f4ALPAC(Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee)(1966)\u63d0\u4ea4\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7ec8\u6b62\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u5bf9\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u601d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
Halliday (1956, 1962)\u4e5f\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u660e\u663e\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u6d3e\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002Halliday(1956)\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5e93\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u6ce8\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u7684\u7eb5\u5411\u805a\u5408\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u53ea\u8ba8\u8bba\u6a2a\u5411\u7ec4\u5408\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002Halliday(1962)\u7684\u601d\u8003\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u591a\u8981\u7d20\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bf9\u7b49\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5404\u7ea7\u9636\u548c\u8303\u7574\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0cHalliday(1962)\u91cd\u89c6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u8bed\u5883\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u8bed\u7bc7\u5c42\u9762\u601d\u8003\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u9009\u62e9\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u548cHalliday\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e9\u671f\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u591a\u53c2\u8003Halliday\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u80fd\u591f\u907f\u514d1966\u5e74\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u505c\u6446\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5230\u8bcd\u5178\u7ed3\u5408\u8bed\u8a00\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u6210\u679c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u590d\u5174\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5728\u4e8e\u501f\u52a9\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u9769\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u6d41\u7545\u6027\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u76ee\u524d\u516c\u8ba4\u6700\u597d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7f51\u7ad9<\/span>DeepL<\/span>,\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7a81\u7834\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f\u30021966\u5e74\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fdb\u5165\u505c\u6ede\u671f\u540e\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u8005\u521b\u7acb\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u30021980\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u88ab\u51a0\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bc9\u6c42\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662fWeizenbaum (1966)\u5f00\u53d1\u7684ELIZA\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8c03\u6574\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u89e3\u7b54\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u672c\u5207\u5206\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u5efa\u6784\u3002\u6587\u672c\u5207\u5206\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u4e49\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u56de\u590d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u5f00\u53d1ELIZA\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6210\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002ELIZA \u9884\u8bbe\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8fdb\u5165\u9884\u8bbe\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0cELIZA \u4f1a\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u56de\u590d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5185\u8f6c\u6362\u601d\u8def(\u5927\u5199\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u56de\u590d)\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
You are not very aggressive but I think you don’t want me to notice that.<\/span><\/section>\n
WHAT MAKES YOU THINK I AM NOT AGGRESSIVE?<\/span><\/section>\n
You don’t argue with me.<\/span><\/section>\n
WHY DO YOU THINK I DON’T ARGUE WITH YOU?<\/span><\/section>\n
You are afraid of me.<\/span><\/section>\n
DOES IT PLEASE YOU TO BELIEVE I’M AFRAID OF YOU?<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0cELIZA\u7684\u56de\u590d\u662f\u4ee5\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u53e5\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u8bdd\u8f6e\u662f\u4ee5\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8f6c\u6362\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8f6c\u6362\u751f\u6210\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u601d\u8def\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8bed\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u542f\u53d1\u4e86\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f9d\u5b58\u8bed\u6cd5\u548ccombinatorial categorical grammar(CCG)\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8d21\u732e\u3002ELIZA\u662f\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u6570\u5341\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684ChatGPT,\u4f9d\u7136\u95ea\u52a8\u7740ELIZA\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cELIZA\u5bf9\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cELIZA\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u5c31\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5fc3\u7406\u533b\u751f\u89e3\u51b3\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u524d\u671f\u79ef\u7d2f\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u300190\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u754c\u8054\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5178\u8303\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fce\u6765\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u539f\u672c\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5f00\u59cb\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u575a\u6301\u89c4\u5219\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5efa\u6784\u7b97\u6cd5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6709\u9650\u30022010\u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5305\u62ecGPT(Generative Pre-trained Transformer)\u548cBERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
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\u4e09\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u7c7b\u8111\u7814\u7a76\u8d70\u5411<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u8eab\u7406\u8bba\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u5c55\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/span>\u5404\u5b66\u6d3e\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8d8b\u540c\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u7c7b\u8111\u6307\u5411\u3002<\/span>\u5404\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5fc5\u987b\u5145\u5206\u53cd\u5e94\u4eba\u8111\u771f\u5b9e\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7eb5\u5bb9\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u5473\u8131\u79bb\u8bed\u8a00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span>\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u751f\u6210\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u751f\u6210\u8bed\u6cd5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u6307\u5411\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u5199\u3002<\/span>\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4f9d\u8d56\u666e\u904d\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u666e\u904d\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fdd\u53cd\u3002<\/span>\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u63d0\u51fa\u666e\u904d\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdd\u53cd\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u535a\u5f08\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u3002<\/span>\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u6392\u5217\u56e0\u8bed\u8a00\u800c\u5f02\u3002<\/span>\u666e\u904d\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u6807\u8bb0\u6027\u548c\u5fe0\u5b9e\u6027\u3002<\/span>\u51b2\u7a81\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/span>\u7b49\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fdd\u53cd\uff0c\u7b49\u7ea7\u4f4e\u7684\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span>\u6240\u8c13\u4f18\u9009\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5404\u7c7b\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u6700\u4f4e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8fdd\u53cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u517c\u987e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u7ecf\u5178\u751f\u6210\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u5177\u89e3\u91ca\u529b\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5e95\u5c42\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u66f4\u8fed\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u89c6\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u5bfc\u5411\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u8868\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u865a\u65e0\u7f25\u7f08\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u7ed3\u6784\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u6700\u65e9\u7528\u4e8e\u97f3\u7cfb\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u6269\u6563\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u88ab\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u73b0\u8c61\u89e3\u8bfb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7075\u6d3b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPrince & Smolensky(2004)\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u6e90\u4e8e\u548c\u8c10\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4ee5\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u7684\u521d\u8877\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7c7b\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u88ab\u9891\u7e41\u5f15\u7528\uff0cPrince & Smolensky(2004)\u662f\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u732e\u3002\u4ee5\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5e26\u5165\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8d34\u8fd1\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cGoldwater & Johnson (2003)\u63d0\u51faMaximum Entropy Grammar, \u5927\u91cf\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u8def\u3002Lau, Clark & Lappin (2017)\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5e26\u5165\u6982\u7387\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u501f\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\u3002Jarosz(2013)\u3001Boersma & Pater(2016)\u5f00\u5c55\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e3a\u8bed\u6599\u5206\u6790\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u7387\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u95ed\u585e\u4e4b\u5904\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8c41\u7136\u5f00\u6717\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u529f\u80fd\u5b66\u6d3e\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u7a81\u7834\u65b9\u5411\u540c\u6837\u805a\u7126\u7c7b\u8111\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0cHalliday(1956)\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u5f3a\u8c03\u7c7b\u8111\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u7c7b\u8111\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u5927\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u601d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002Halliday(1991)\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6982\u7387\u9009\u62e9\u503e\u5411\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7a33\u5b9a\u57289\u22361,\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u70b9\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u4f18\u9009\u8bba\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u89c6\u6807\u8bb0\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6700\u521d\u5f62\u4e49\u7ec4\u914d\u5747\u4e3a\u975e\u6807\u8bb0\u6027\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8bed\u8a00\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u6807\u8bb0\u6027\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u9690\u55bb\u5f0f\u201d\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u53e5\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5747\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u89c9\u3002\u5c31\u7a7a\u95f4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0a\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5c31\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u5728\u8bed\u7bc7\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u8f83\u65e9\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u8de8\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c42\u8bed\u4e49\u8303\u7574\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4eba\u8111\u4ee5\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6709\u9650\u8d44\u6e90\u652f\u6491\u5927\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\u5728\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u8bed\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\u8d2f\u7a7f\u591a\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u6b64\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u9690\u55bb\u7406\u8bba\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u89c6\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u8c08\u53ca\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\uff0cHalliday(1995)\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5145\u6ee1\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u8be5\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u6307\u660e\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u9ad8\u5ea6\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cLakoff(1985)\u548cLancaker(1987)\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u65e0\u6cd5\u5448\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u521b\u7acb\u8ba4\u77e5\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u523b\u753b\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u4e3a\u5df1\u4efb\u3002\u8be5\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u5b58\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u63a2\u8ba8\u8bed\u8a00\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u98a0\u8986\u8bed\u8a00\u5929\u8d4b\u8bba\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5951\u5408\u5f53\u4e0b\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u3002\u8ba4\u77e5\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u6784\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u7c7b\u8111\u8d8b\u5411\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u6784\u5f0f\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6574\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b66\u6d3e\u5ffd\u7565\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e60\u5f97\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002\u6784\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u4e49\u4ec5\u548c\u8868\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u56de\u907f\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8111\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u8bf4\u660e\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6784\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0d\u540c\u6784\u5f0f\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u6784\u5f0f\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u7b26\u5408\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u601d\u8def\u3002\u8fd115\u5e74\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u5404\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u8d44\u6e90\u5e93(\u6bd4\u5982WordNet)\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u5e93(\u6bd4\u5982FrameNet),\u5927\u591a\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u6784\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fdb\u6b65\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u52a9\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n<\/section>\n
\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u521d\u59cb\u76ee\u6807\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\uff0cChomsky(1957)\u5c31\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u662f\u4ee5\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u7688\u4f9d\uff0c\u5176\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u53f6\u8d70\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f2f\u8def\uff0c\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u6700\u521d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7c7b\u8111\u8d70\u5411\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8270\u96be\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u518d\u6b21\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u505a\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56db\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u672a\u6765\u5341\u5e74\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u51c6\u5907<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u672a\u6765\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u671f\u3002\u5176\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u5177\u5907\u4e0b\u8ff0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4e3b\u4f53\uff1a(1) \u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u540c\u6837\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\uff1b(2) \u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u6d41\u65f6\u4e0d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff1b(3) \u5728\u4ea4\u6d41\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6210\u957f\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u8981\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6b64\u505a\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
4.1 \u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u5408\u6027\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7814<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u7a76\u6846\u67b6<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\u957f\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u4f20\u7edf\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5206\u5c5e\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u6d41\u6d3e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u6574\u5408\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6574\u4f53\u683c\u5c40\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7279\u5f81\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u667a\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u6574\u4f53\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u5408\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u652f\u79bb\u7834\u788e\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u5f81\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u6574\u5408\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u8bed\u97f3\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u8bcd\u8bed\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u6b67\u4e49\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u5224\u8bfb\u3001\u8bed\u7bc7\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u60c5\u6001\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u8bed\u7528\u6307\u5411\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u8981\u56ca\u62ec\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5355\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u667a\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8981\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u8de8\u5b66\u6d3e\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u6574\u5408\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u907f\u7684\u5927\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8de8\u5b66\u6d3e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u7eb5\u89c2\u5404\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u51e0\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4ece\u521d\u671f\u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u8c61\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u603b\u7ed3\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5230\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u591a\u89d2\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u5efa\u6784\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u7a0d\u665a\u671f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u878d\u5408\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b66\u79d1\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u8868\u8ff0\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u8d8b\u540c\u6027\u3002\u67d0\u7406\u8bba\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u6d3e\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u9732\u51fa\u7aef\u502a\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u751f\u6210\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fd8\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u65b0\u90fd\u9010\u6e10\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u8111\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u6240\u89e6\u53ca\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f1a\u53e6\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5c31\u76ee\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u56f4\u7ed5\u7c7b\u8111\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u7c7b\u4f3c\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u8868\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u96be\u5ea6\u663e\u7136\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u97f3\u7cfb\u5b66\u3001\u53e5\u6cd5\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u548c\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fb9\u754c\u8f83\u4e3a\u5206\u660e\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6574\u5408\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u6784\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u6574\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u548c<\/span>Fillmore<\/span>\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u6709\u6df1\u539a\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6784\u5f0f\u7406\u5ff5\u5f00\u5c55\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u6574\u5408\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6210\u679c\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u597d\u8854\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6765\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6784\u5f0f\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u878d\u5165\u8bed\u97f3\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u5f62\u6210\u6574\u5408\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u805a\u7126\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7c7b\u8111\u8d70\u5411\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u662f\u5efa\u6784\u6574\u5408\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
4.2 \u5b9e\u73b0\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8854\u63a5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u767e\u5e74\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5750\u62e5\u5927\u91cf\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u969c\u788d\u3002\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u578b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u5373\u91cf\u5316\u8bed\u8a00\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\n<\/section>\n
\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u201d\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u539f\u5219\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u5373\u91cf\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3001\u8d28\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u51c6\u5219\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51c6\u5219\u65b9\u4fbf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8d70\u5411\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u5224\u8bfb\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\u8f83\u5f3a\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51c6\u5219\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u662f\u5408\u4f5c\u539f\u5219\u878d\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u969c\u788d\u3002\u5728\u91cf\u5316\u8ffd\u6c42\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u81ea\u8eab\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63cf\u5199\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6210\u679c\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u6709\u6548\u91cf\u5316\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u673a\u5668\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4ee5\u601d\u8fa8\u3001\u521b\u9020\u548c\u7a81\u7834\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u4f9d\u6258\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u672c\u8d28\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u529b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6539\u53d8\u673a\u5668\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u7c7b\u8111\u53d6\u5411\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u878d\u5408\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u7834\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u5473\u5f3a\u8c03\u666e\u904d\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5206\u89e3\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8bcd\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u662f\u6700\u540e\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u9ad8\u65af\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u3002\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u8bed\u97f3\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u62d3\u5bbd\u9009\u62e9\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8981\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u68b3\u7406\u4e3a\u8981\u7d20\u9009\u62e9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u5173\u952e\u8282\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u63a8\u51fa\u6700\u4f73\u5bf9\u8bdd\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u89c6\u9891\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e9e\u5927\u9009\u62e9\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u63a5\u8fd1\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u4e3a\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u7d20\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8282\u70b9\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e14\u517c\u987e\u8bed\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u8f6c\u6362\u73b0\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5e94\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u9009\u62e9\u70b9\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u7387\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u60c5\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u8bed\u6599\u5206\u6790\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u51c6\u786e\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u60c5\u6001\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u8d4b\u4e88\u5177\u4f53\u6982\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u9700\u8981\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u89c6\u9009\u62e9\u70b9\u7684\u6982\u7387\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u4e0b\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ecb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u8054\u7ed3\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u901a\u9053\u3002\u5f00\u5c55\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u8de8\u5b66\u6d3e\u7406\u8bba\u878d\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edd\u4f73\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
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